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10 Steps To Developing A Quality
Lesson Plan
This guide is not meant to be the one and only
way to develop a lesson plan; however, it is going to provide you with at least
some good methods to start with. A general overview highlights the key points of
creating a useful and working lesson plan.
Below is a list of the steps that are usually
involved in developing a quality lesson plan as well as a description of what
each component should be. They will be listed in 10 of the best points.
1. The first thing that you will have to
consider, obviously, is what you want to teach. This should be developed based
upon your state or local school standards. You also need to be aware of what
grade level you are developing the lesson plan for. Record a time estimate for
your lesson plan to help you to better budget your time.
Once you have chosen your topic, you can begin
choosing how you want to teach the topic in general. If you didn't use the state
standards to help in developing your topic, you will want to refer to them now
to see what specific standards your lesson plan can fulfill.
Having your lesson plan properly set up with
state standards, helps to prove its worthiness and necessity later. It also
helps to assuring that your students are being taught what the state requires.
If you are able to blend your lesson plan with
the local school standards, record links to those standards in your lesson plan
in writing for reference later. If you are however, writing this lesson plan for
a website, you will want to be sure that you include a title that properly
reflects your topic.
2. Develop clear, specific objectives to be sure
that your lesson plan will teach exactly what you want it to. You must note that
these objectives should not be activities that will be used in the lesson plan.
Rather, they should be the learning outcomes of those activities.
As an example, if you wanted to teach your class
how to add 1 + 3, the objective may be that “the students will know how to add 1
+ 3” or more specifically “the students will demonstrate how to add 1 + 3.”
Your objectives should also be directly
measurable. What this means is that you need to make sure that you will be able
to tell whether these objectives were met or not. You can certainly have more
than one objective for a lesson plan if you feel that this would be more useful.
In order for you to be able to make objectives
more meaningful, you may want to include both wide and narrow objectives. The
wide objectives would be more like ambitions and they would include the overall
goal of the lesson plan, for example, in order for you to gain familiarity with
adding two numbers together.
The specific objectives would be more like the
one listed above, in such a manner, as “the students will demonstrate how to add
the numbers 2 and 3 together.”
3. You would probably find out exactly what
materials you are going to use later, however, they should be shown early in
your lesson plan. This way if someone else decided to start using your lesson
plan, they would know in advance what materials would be required.
4. You may also want to write out an Anticipatory
Set, which would be a great way to lead into the lesson plan and develop the
students' interest in learning what you are getting ready to teach. A good
example deals with a lesson on fractions. The teacher could start by asking the
students how they would divide a pizza to make sure each of their 3 friends got
an equal amount of pie, and tell them that they can do this if they know how to
work with fractions.
5. At this point you need to write the systematic
procedures that will be performed to reach each of the above mentioned
objectives. These don't have to involve every little thing that the teacher will
say and do, but they should list the relevant actions that the teacher needs in
order to perform them. For the adding 1 + 3 lesson, you may have procedures such
as:
A. The teacher will give each child 2 cubes.
B. The teacher will ask the kids to write down
how many cubes they have.
C. The students should then write a + sign below
the number 2.
D. The teacher will now pass out 3 more cubes to
each student.
E. The students will be asked to write down how
many cubes they were handed. They should write this number below the number 2
that they just wrote,
F. Students should now be told to draw a line
under their 3.
G. Now the students need to count how many cubes
they have and write this number just below the 3
H. Ask students how many cubes they had to start
with, how many they were given to add to that, and how many they have after the
teacher gave them the 3 cubes.
6. After these procedures have been completed,
you may want to provide your students with time for independent practice. For
the example of above, students could have some time to add different numbers of
cubes together that a partner would provide them with.
7. Just before you start moving on to the
assessment phase, you should be prepared to create some sort of closure for the
lesson plan. A good idea for this is to return to your anticipatory set, for
example, you can ask students how they would divide that pie now that they know
how to work with fractions (check step 4).
8. Now you want to write your
assessment/evaluation. Many lesson plans don't really need them, but most of
them should have some sort of evaluation of whether or not the objectives were
met. The key to doing this is to make sure that the assessment specifically
measures whether the objectives were reached or not.
Because of this, there should be a direct
correlation between the objectives and the assessments. This is of course,
assuming that the objective were able to add two single digit numbers together,
an example would be to have students approach the teacher and add two single
digit numbers on paper using cubes as a guide.
9. You should make different directions for
students with learning disabilities and extensions for others. Examples of this
would be adding 1 cube to 1 cube for students with learning disabilities and
adding 9 cubes to 13 cubes for the more advanced students and somewhere in
between for everyone else.
This is most effective when you use specific
adaptations for specific students and take into account their individual
differences.
10. It's a good idea for you to include a
“Connections” section, which really shows how the lesson plan could be
integrated with other subjects. An example of this would be to have students
paint 2 oranges, then 3 more oranges below them, etc. so that they can learn how
to integrate Art into the lesson plan.
A better way to do this would involve creating 2
or 3 different types of textures on those oranges for example using newspaper
with different textures. Putting a lot of work into this can really help to
develop complete thematic units that would integrate related topics into many
different subjects.
That's really all there is to creating a lesson
plan! If you followed all the instructions above, you've successfully written a
very thorough lesson plan that will be useful for any other teachers wanting to
teach a subject like math or whatever.
One of the most helpful tips in writing your
first lesson plans would be for you to look at lesson plans that are already
completely developed to get a better idea of what needs to be in the lesson
plan.
For more articles related to this
subject and others please visit
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